NURSING BY PC SAINI

 BLEEDING  Blood circulates in blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries). When a blood vessel is damaged, several mechanisms are activated to control blood loss: the vessel constricts, and a series of chemical reactions occur to form a blood clot as a “plug” over the damaged area. If blood vessels are torn or severed, uncontrolled blood loss may occur before clotting can take place, and shock may develop. C.3.1  TYPES OF BLEEDING  A bleeding can be classified by the type of the blood vessel that has been damaged:
 Arterial bleeding.  Arteries carry bright red oxygen rich blood under pressure from the heart. If an artery is damaged, the bleeding may be profuse. The blood will spurt out of it in time with the heartbeat. If a main artery is severed, the blood may jet several feet high. In this case, the volume of the circulating blood will fall rapidly.
  Venous bleeding.  The blood in the veins, having given up its oxygen into the tissues, is dark red. The blood flows under les

  FIRST AID -  First aid is the first assistance or treatment given to a casualty or a sick person for any injury or sudden illness before the arrival of an ambulance, the arrival of a qualified paramedical or medical person or before arriving at a facility that can provide professional medical care. As a consequence of disaster or civil strife people suffer injuries which requires urgent care and transportation to the nearest healthcare facility. प्राथमिक चिकित्सा किसी घायल या बीमार व्यक्ति को किसी चोट या अचानक बीमारी के लिए एम्बुलेंस के आने से पहले, योग्य पैरामेडिकल या चिकित्सा व्यक्ति के आने से पहले या ऐसी सुविधा पर पहुंचने से पहले दी जाने वाली प्राथमिक सहायता या उपचार है जो पेशेवर चिकित्सा देखभाल प्रदान कर सकती है। . आपदा या नागरिक संघर्ष के परिणामस्वरूप लोगों को चोट लगती है जिसके लिए तत्काल देखभाल और निकटतम स्वास्थ्य सुविधा के लिए परिवहन की आवश्यकता होती है। AIMS OF FIRST AID -  The aims of first aid are:
to preserve life,  to prevent the worsening of one’s medical condition,