pressure ulcer ll decubitus ulcer ll bed sore

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https://youtu.be/eYE0YWUkWkQ
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Introduction 

• Bedsores — also called pressure ulcers and

decubitus ulcers — are injuries to skin and

underlying tissue resulting from prolonged

pressure on the skin. Bedsores most often

develop on skin that covers bony areas of the

body, such as the heels, ankles, hips and

tailbone.

• Causes

Bedsores are caused by pressure against the skin that limits blood

flow to the skin. Limited movement can make skin vulnerable to

damage and lead to development of bedsores.

Three primary contributing factors for bedsores are:

Pressure. Constant pressure on any part of your body can lessen the

blood flow to tissues. Blood flow is essential for delivering oxygen

and other nutrients to tissues. Without these essential nutrients, skin

and nearby tissues are damaged and might eventually die.

Friction. Friction occurs when the skin rubs against clothing or

bedding. It can make fragile skin more vulnerable to injury, especially if

the skin is also moist.

Shear. Shear occurs when two surfaces move in the opposite

direction. For example, when a bed is elevated at the head, you can

slide down in bed. As the tailbone moves down, the skin over the bone

might stay in place — essentially pulling in the opposite direction.

Risk factor

Immobility

Lack of sensory perception

Fracture patient

Dehydration

Traction long term

Poor nutrition

Medical conditions affecting blood flow.

• Common sites of pressure ulcers








For people who use wheelchairs, bedsores often occur on

skin over the following sites:

Tailbone or buttocks

Shoulder blades and spine

Backs of arms and legs where they rest against the chair

For people who need to stay in bed, bedsores may happen

on:

The back or sides of the head

The shoulder blades

The hip, lower back or tailbone

The heels, ankles and skin behind the knees

Stages of bed sore



• Stage 1. The area looks red and feels warm to

the touch. ...

Stage 2. The area looks more damaged and

may have an open sore, scrape, or blister. ...

Stage 3. The area has a crater-like appearance

due to damage below the skin's surface.

Stage 4. The area is severely damaged and a

large wound is present.

Sign and symptoms 

Unusual changes in skin color or texture

Swelling

Pus-like draining

An area of skin that feels cooler or warmer to

the touch than other areas

Tender areas

Itching

Pain

Complications

Cellulitis

Bone and joint infections  

Cancer

Sepsis

Treatment 

  1. Moisturizer
  2. Hydrates and protects skin from damage.
  3. Barrier cream
  4. A cream that soothes and protects irritated skin.
  5. Negative-Pressure wound therapy
  6. Applying an airtight covering to a wound and then using a vacuum to
  7. remove fluid and other material. Done to promote healing.
  8. Relieve pressure on skin
  9. Improves blood flow to skin, allowing for faster healing.
  10. High-protein diet
  11. A diet high in meat, fish, chicken, dairy, soy and other protein sources.
  12. Consult a doctor for medical advice

  • Nursing care
  • Change frequently position every 2 hourly
  • Clean the wound ns if pus present use h2o2
  • antiseptic solution
  • Provide high protien added diet
  • To improve blood circulation give massage
  • Provide oxygen if needed
  • Provide iv fluid to treat dehydration





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