RABIES

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In 1804, Georg Gottfried Zinke first transmitted rabies1 from a rabid dog to a normal one, and from dog to a rabbit and a hen, by injection of saliva. This proved that the disease was infectious. By 1826, Franz Christian Karl Krugelstein (1779–1864) wrote a full account of rabies, with a bibliography of 300 items.
 Rabies is a deadly virus spread to people from the saliva of infected animals. The rabies virus is usually transmitted through a bite.


Animals most likely to transmit rabies in the United States include bats, coyotes, foxes, raccoons and skunks. In developing countries of Africa and Southeast Asia, stray dogs are the most likely to spread rabies to people.

Once a person begins showing signs and symptoms of rabies, the disease nearly always causes death. For this reason, anyone who may have a risk of contracting rabies should receive rabies vaccinations for protection.

INCUBATION PEROID :- 2 - 3  WEEKS

 signs and symptoms may include:-

  • Fever
  • Headache
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Agitation
  • Anxiety
  • Confusion
  • Hyperactivity
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • Excessive salivation
  • Fear brought on by attempts to drink fluids because of difficulty swallowing water
  • Hallucinations
  • Insomnia
  • Partial paralysis
  • .
DIAGNOSIS :-

History collection
physical examination
saliva examination 
blodd examination
CSF examinaton

TREATMENT

Dose: Previously unvaccinated persons should receive 5 intramuscular doses (1 mL each) of Imovax Rabies vaccine, one dose immediately after exposure (Day 0) and one dose 3, 7, 14, and 28 days later. RIG: Rabies immune globulin (RIG) 20 IU/kg on Day 0 in conjunction with the first vaccine dose.

NURSING CARE :-

  • Improve breathing pattern. ...
  • Improve nutritional intake. ...
  • Maintain normal body temperature. ...
  • Reduce anxiety. ...
  • Prevent injury. ...
  • Prevent infection.


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